>> DILATIONS ON THE COORDINATE PLANE
Master coordinate transformations centered at the origin $(0,0)$ with scale factors $k > 1$ (expansion) and $0 < k < 1$ (reduction).
1. Coordinate Rule
A dilation with center $(0,0)$ and scale factor $k$ transforms $(x, y) \to (kx, ky)$.
2. Expansion ($k > 1$)
The image is larger than the pre-image and moves further from the origin.
3. Reduction ($0 < k < 1$)
The image is smaller than the pre-image and moves closer to the origin.